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General Information #

Author: Joel Gluck
Language: ACTION!
Compiler/Interpreter: ACTION!
Published: Analog #27 (02/ 85)

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More Fun with Bounce!#

Way back in the golden days, when issues of ANALOG Computing were still numbering in the teens, I wrote a program called Bounce. It appeared in the Our Game column in issue 15. At that time, I was fiddling with a fun new language for the Atari – Action! by Optimized Systems Software. I was thinking that a version of Bounce in Action! would be a worthwhile project.

Not long after I had that thought I discovered, to my amusement, that someone had beaten me to it. The friendly folks at ANALOG Computing told me one day that a certain David Plotkin had submitted a little ditty called Bounce in Action!, which later appeared in issue 20.

However, David's idea of a better Bounce program was different from mine. His improvements consisted of adding GTIA color and, of course, speed (with Action!) to the original design. I #enjoyed# playing with David's program, and I was #pleased# that someone else was as enthusiastic about Bounce as I was. . .I simply had another idea that had to be tried.

To me, the next natural step for Bounce is to add more discs—-having multiple moving objects at your command makes Bounce about a million times more fun than the original. Of course, Action! is the only high-level language for the Atari that is fast enough to do a multiple-object Bounce effectively.

First there was Bounce, then Bounce in Action!, and now I give you More Fun with Bounce (MFB for short).

Other improvements.#

l had other upgrading in mind, too. Tops on the list was user-friendliness. MFB lets you move the cursor around freely without upsetting the walls or the discs already laid down. Drawing or erasing occurs only when your joystick trigger is held down. To switch between the two functions (drawing: and erasing). simply hit the SPACE BAR.

Another user-friendly feature is the amount of control over cursor speed available. For a slow cursor (to maintain fine drawing control), hit a lower digit key like 3 or 4. For high-speed drawing, hit 7 or 8. Cursor speed 9 is for maniacs only.

Laying down the spheres is simplicity itself. just hit the #B# key. A disc appears at the cursor’s position, while the cursor itself moves to the right (so you can keep laying down more). Note that—when drawing, erasing. moving or placing balls— the cursor performs automatic wraparound should it go off the edge of the screen.

Even Bounce’s screen-clearing feature has been improved upon. In MFB, when you hit ESC, instead of the whole screen clearing, only the discs disappear. This lets you keep your old wall patterns. If you'd like to clear everything, just hit CTRL-ESC. To remove individual discs, draw or erase over them with the cursor.

Let ‘er rip!#

To start things bouncing. hit START. (lf you forgot to lay discs down, the program automatically returns you to the drawing mode.) Immediately, the playing field fills with red goop (to be eaten away by the bouncing balls), and the number of objects bouncing appears in the text window.

Again, as in drawing mode. you have a number of options. For starters, you have complete control over disc speed. Simply hit digit keys 0 through 9, 9 being the fastest. Keep in mind, however, that the fewer objects you have on screen, the faster they will go (this is a natural by-product of the limited processing speed of your Atari computer). One or two discs on the screen at speed 9 move so fast that they are more of a blur than an object.

You may notice as the balls are bouncing that only one of them is actually making bouncing sounds; the others are silent. To change the "sound focus", hit the S key. This allows you to make different balls audible, one at a time. lf you keep hitting S, you'll finally return sound focus to the original disc. This effect is easier to see if you have only a few objects on the screen

An improvement I've always wanted to add to Bounce is to give the user some direct control over the bouncing sphere. ln MFB, this feature exists and is called “nudging". When you hit the N key, the ball that the sound focus is on gets nudged. The effect of this is distinct, yet simple — it causes the ball to react as if a vertical wall were momentarily placed directly ahead of it. Essentially, the ball bounces off of a ghost wall.

Nudging is fun (as is holding down the N key for repeated nudgings) and, also, useful if there is a red area on the screen where no ball has been. You can direct one over to that area by nudging it. Note: it is best to practice nudging with only a few objects and at a slow speed. Also note: you can nudge different spheres by changing the sound focus.

When you want to change your wall configuration or the number of bouncing objects, hit SELECT to get back to the drawing mode. To start with a fresh screen, just hit CTRL-ESC.

---

Action! listing.

;More Fun with BOUNCE
;by Joel Gluck
;for ANALOG COMPUTING

BYTE ARRAY xx(256),yy(256),
           xd(256),yd(256)
BYTE xc,yc,hidden,cmode,TIME=20,
     RANDOM=53770, CONSOL=53279,
     CURSC=708,CH=764,NEWCOL=710,
     dist=[0],audball=[0]
CARD num=[0],curspeed=[1500],
     ballspeed=[900]
CARD ARRAY linept(48)

PROC gr5init()
  CARD scrn=88
  BYTE line,BALLCOL=709,WALLCOL=710

  Graphics(5)
  FOR line=0 TO 47 DO
    linept(line)=scrn+20*line
  OD
  BALLCOL=$0C
  WALLCOL=$94
RETURN

PROC plot5(BYTE x,y,col)
  BYTE POINTER pixel
  BYTE ARRAY colfil= [0 85 170 255],
             mask= [63 207 243 252],
             mask2= [192 48 12 3]

  pixel = linept(y)+(x RSH 2)
  pixel^ = pixel^ & mask(x & 3)
              % (colfil(col)
              & mask2(x & 3)
RETURN

BYTE FUNC locate5(BYTE x,y)
  BYTE POINTER pixel
  BYTE ARRAY mask= [192 48 12 3]

  pixel = linept(y)+(x RSH 2)
RETURN((pixel^ &  mask(x & 3)) RSH
          (((x & 3) XOR 3) LSH 1))

PROC hline(BYTE y,c)
  BYTE i
  
  FOR i = 0 TO 79 DO
    plot5(x,i,c)
  OD
RETURN

PROC vline(BYTE x,c)
  BYTE i
  FOR i = 0 TO 47 DO
    plot5(x,i,c)
  OD
RETURN

PROC pauz(CARD p)
CARD i
  FOR i = 0 TO p DO
  OD
RETURN

PROC f16(BYTE x,y)
  BYTE i,a,b

  g=Locate(x,y)
  IF g=32 THEN
    RETURN
  FI
  g==+128
  NEWCOL=15
  b=y
  DO
    color=0
    plot(x,b)
    b==-1
    color=g
    plot(x,b)
    IF b=2 THEN
      EXIT
    FI
    Sound(0,b,8,8)
    pauz(700+x*50)
  OD
  a=x
  DO
    color=0
    plot(a,b)
    a==+1
    color=g
    plot(a,b)
    IF a=19 THEN
      EXIT
    FI
    Sound(0,a,8,8)
    pauz(700+x*50)
  OD
  color=0
  plot(a,b)
  SndRst()
RETURN

PROD colburst(BYTE x,y)
  BYIE g,c,a
  g=Locate(x,y)
  IF g=32 THEN
    RETURN
  FI
  g==+128
  NEWCOL=(Rand(16) LSH 4) % 10
  color=g
  a=x-1
  IF a>13 THEN
    a=0
  FI
  plot(x,a)
  Drawto(x,y)
  FOR c = 0 TO 15 DO
    Sound(0,0,4,15-c)
    pauz(400)
  OD
  color=0
  plot(x,0)
  Drawto(x,y)
  SndRst()
RETURN

PROC dropkick(BYTE x,y)
  BYTE g,h,a,b
  g=Locate(x,y)
  IF g=32 THEN
    RETURN
  FI
  g==+128
  NEWCOL=152
  b=y
  DO
    color=0
    plot(x,b)
    b==+1
    color=g
    plot(x,b)
    IF b=23 THEN
      EXIT
    FI
    Sound(0,b+10+(x LSH 1),10,8)
    Sound(1,b+20+(x LSH 1),10,8)
    pauz(400)
  OD
  SndRst()
  h=0
  NEWCOL=159
  a=x
  DO
    color=h
    plot(a,b)
    g=Locate(a+1,b+1)
    a==+1
    b==-1
    color=g
    plot(a,b)
    IF a=18 OR b=1 THEN
      EXIT
    FI
    Sound(0,a-x,8,(b RSH 1))
    pauz(800)
  OD
  color=0
  plot(a,b)
  SndRst()
RETURN

PROC foo()
  BYTE v

  FOR v=0 TO 15 DO
    Sound(0,255,14,15-v)
    Sound(1,0,8,8-(v RSH 1))
    pauz(500)
  OD
  SndRst()
RETURN

PROC intro()
  BYTE x
  
  Graphics(17)
  CURSC=$08
  Position(0,10)
  PrintD(6, "MORE FUN WITH")
  Position(0,12)
  PrintD(6, "B O U N C E ! ")
  Position(0,14)
  PrintD(6, "BY JOEL GLUCK")
  pauz(65000)
  pauz(65000)
  pauz(65000)
  FOR x=0 TO 12 D0
    f16(12—x,10)
  OD
  FOR x=0 TO 12 D0
    colburst(x,12)
  OD
  FOR x=0 TO 12 D0
    dropkick(12-x,14)
  OD
  CURSC=$48
  Position(14,1)
  PrintD(6, "ANALOG")
  foo()
  Position(11,3)
  PrintD(6, "COMPUTING")
  foo()
  Position(12,5)
  PrintD(6, "FEBRUARY")
  foo()
  Position(16,7)
  PrintD(6, "1985")
  foo()
  pauz(65000)
  pauz(65000)
  pauz(65000)
RETURN

PROD drawdoc()
  BYTE CURS=752
  CURS =1
  PutE()
  Print("Use joystick and ")
  PrintE("SPACE to draw/erase.") 
  Print("Hit B for balls, ")
  PrintE("0-9 for brush speed.")
  Print("ESC clrs balls; ")
  PrintE("CTRL-ESC clrs screen.")
  Print("Press START to Bounce!")
RETURN

 
PROC clearscrn()
  BYTE a,b,g
  FOR b=1 TO 19 DO
    FOR a=1 TO 78 DO
      g=Locate(x,y)
      IF (g=2 OR CH>28) AND g>1 THEN
        plot5(a,b,0)
        Sound(0,b,6,4)
        IF CH=28 THEN
          pauz(300)
        FI
      FI
    OD
    SndRst()
  OD
  IF CH>28 OR hidden=2 THEN
    hidden=0
  FI
RETURN

PROC movecursor(BYTE bflag)
  BYTE g;STIK=632,TRIG=644, vol
  BYTE ARRAY v[2 2 2 0 2 1 1 1 0 2 0
               0 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1]
  INT cxd,cyd

  IF STIK(15 OR bflag=1 THEN
    cxd=v((STIK-5) LSH 1)-1
    cyd=v(((STIK-5) LSH 1} % 1)-1
    IF bflag=1 THEN
      cxd=2
    FI
    g=hidden
    IF TRIG THEN
      vol=4
    ELSE
      vol=10
      g=cmode*3
    FI
    Sound(0,(xc+yc)*cmode,
          8+(cmode LSH 1),
          vol-(cmode LSH 1))
    plot5(xc,yc,g)
    xc==+cxd
    yc==+cyd
    IF xc<1 THEN
      xc=78
    FI
    IF xc>78 THEN
      xc=1
    FI
    IF yc<1 THEN
      yc=38
    FI
    IF yc>88 THEN
      yc=1
    FI
    hidden=locate5(xc,yc)
    plo15(xc,yc,1)
  FI
RETURN


PROC audlayball()
  BYTE i,j,k

  FOR j=0 TO 2 DO
    FOR i=j*50 TO j*50+20 DO
      Sound(0,i,10,15-j*6)
      pauz(100)
    OD
  OD
  Sndrst()
RETURN

BYTE FUNC nunber()
  BYTE b,v

  v=CH
  0pen(2,"K:",4,1)
  n=GetD(2)
  Close(2)
  CH=v
  IF N>47 AND n<58 THEN
    RETURN(57-n)
  ELSE
    RETURN(99)
  FI

PROC audcmode()
  BYTE n

  FOR n=1 TO 5 DO
    IF cmode THEN
      Sound(0,100-n*10,10,4)
    ELSE
      Sound(1,150-n*10,10,4)
      Sound(0,5-n,8,6)
    FI
    pauz(2000)
    Sndrst()
    pauz(1000)
  OD
RETURN

PROC cursor()
  BYTE n

  IF CH<>255 THEN
    IF CH=33 IHEI
      cmode==XOR 1
      audcmode()
    ELSEIF CH=28 OR CH=156 THEN
      clearscrn()
    ELSEIF CH=21 THEN
      hidden=2
      plot5(xc.yc.2)
      movecursor(1)
      audlayball()
    ELSE
      n=number()
      IF n<99 THEN
        curspeed=n*500
      FI
    FI
    CH=255
  FI
  movecursor(1)
RETURN

PROC bouncedoc()
  CARD n

  PutE()
  n=num
  IF n=1 THEN
    PrintE("1 ball is bouncing.")
  ELSE
    PrintC(n)
    PrintE(" balls are bouncing.")
  FI
  PrintE("Hit digits 0-9 for speed.")
  Print("S changes sound focus, ")
  PrintE("N nudges ball.")
  Print("Press SELECT to Draw again.")
RETURN

PROC process(BYTE a,b)
  BYTE g

  g=locate5(a,b)
  IF g=2 THEN
    IF num<200 THEN
      xx(num)=a
      yy(num)=b
      num==+1
    ELSE
      plot5(a,b,0)
    FI
  ELSEIF g=0 THEN
    plot5(a,b,1)
  FI
RETURN

PRDB ballinit()
  BYTE a,b
  
  CURSC=$44
  num=0
  FOR b=1 TO 19 DO
    FOR a=1 TO 78 DO
      process(a,b)
      process(a,39-b)
    OD
  OD
  FOR a=0 TO num DO
    xd(a)=Rand(2) LSH 1
    yd(a)=Rand(2) LSH 1
OD
RETURN

PROC moveball(BYTE n)
  BYTE g,pa,pb

  g=locate5(xx(n)+xd(n)-1,yy(n)+yd(n)-1)
  IF g<2 THEN
    plot5(xx(n),yy(n),1)
    xx(n)=xx(n)+xd(n)-1
    yy(n)=yy(n)+yd(n)-1
    plot5(xx(n),yy(n),2)
    IF n=audball THEN
      dist==+1
    FI
    RETURN
  ELSE
    pb=locate5(xx(n),yy(n)+yd(n)-1)
    pa=1ocate5(xx(n)+xd(n)-1,yy(n))
    IF n=audball THEN
      IF dist THEN
        Sound(0, 170-((38-dist) LSH 2),10,8)
        Sound(1, ((38-dist) LSH 2),10,8)
      FI
      dist=0
      TIME=0
    FI
    IF pa>1 THEN
      xd(n)=2-xd(n)
      IF pb>1 THEN
        yd(n)=2-yd(n)
        RETURN
      ELSE
        plot5(xx(n),yy(n),0)
        yy(n)=yy(n)+yd(n)-1
        plot5(xx(n),yy(n),2)
        RETURN
      FI
    ELSEIF pb>1 THEN
      yd(n)=2-yd(n)
      plot5(xx(n),yy(n),0)
      xx(n)=xx(n)+xd(n)-1
      plot5(xx(n),yy(n),2)
      RETURN
    ELSEIF Rand(2) THEN
      xd(n)=2-xd(n)
    ELSE
      yd(n)=2—yd(n)
      RETURN
    FI
  FI
RETURN

PROC cleanup()
  BYTE a,b

  FOR b=1 TO 19 DO
    FOR a=1 TO 78 DO
      IF locate5(a,b)=1 THEN
        plot5(a,b,0)
      FI
      IF locate5(a,39-b)=1 THEN
        plot5(a,39-b,0)
      FI
    OD
  OD
RETURN

PROC bounce()
  CARD i
  BYTE n

  ballinit()
  bouncedoc()
  audball=0
  dist=0
  IF num TNEN
    DO
      FOR i=0 TO num-1 DO
        moveball(i)
        IF CH<>255 THEN
          IF CH=62 THEN
            audball==+1
            IF audball=num THEN
              audball=1
            FI
            dist=0
          ELSEIF CH=35 THEN
            xd(audball)=2-xd(audball)
          ELSE
            n=number()
            IF n<99 THEN
              ballspeed=n+n+100
            FI
          FI
          CH=255
        FI
        IF CONSOL=5 THEN
          EXIT
        FI
      OD
      pauz(ballspeed)
      IF TINE THEN
        SndRst()
      FI
    UNTIL CONSOL=5
    OD
    SndRst()
  FI
  cleanup()
RETURN

PROC MFWB()

  intro()
  gr5init()
  hline(0,3)
  hline(39,3)
  vline(0,3)
  vline(79,3)
  DO
    drawdoc()
    xc=39
    yc=19
    hidden=locate5(xc,yc)
    cmode=1
    plot5(xc,yc,1)
    DO
      cursor()
      CURSC=TIME
      pauz(curspeed)
      Sound(0,0,0,0)
      pauz(curspeed)
    UNTIL CON UL15
    OD
    plot5(xc,yc,hidden)
    CH=255
    bounce()
  OD
RETURN